Electric fuel pump components

Composition of electric fuel pump

The electric fuel pump is an important part of the fuel supply system of modern automobile engines, with the characteristics of high efficiency, stability and reliability. This article will give a detailed introduction from the aspects of the composition, working principle, troubleshooting, etc. of the electric fuel pump.

1. Composition

The electric fuel pump is mainly composed of a motor, a pump body, a filter, a pressure regulator, a safety valve, etc.

1. Motor

The motor is the core component of the electric fuel pump. It usually adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an induction motor, and its power size matches the power of the automobile engine. The speed of the motor determines the output pressure and flow size of the fuel pump.

2. Pump body

The pump body is the main component of the electric fuel pump. It is usually made of aluminum alloy or plastic and has high strength and corrosion resistance. There is a screw or impeller inside the pump body. The fuel is sucked from the fuel tank through the rotation of the motor and sent to the engine fuel system after compression.

3. Filter

The filter is an important part of the electric fuel pump. It is used to filter impurities and dirt in the fuel tank to prevent it from entering the engine fuel system and causing damage. The filter usually adopts stainless steel wire mesh or fiber filter element, which has high filtration efficiency and service life.

4. Pressure regulator

The pressure regulator is another important component of the electric fuel pump, which is used to adjust the output pressure of the fuel pump to meet the requirements of the engine fuel system. The pressure regulator is usually mechanical or electronic, with high accuracy and reliability.

5. Safety valve

The safety valve is a protective device for the electric fuel pump, which is used to automatically open when the output pressure of the fuel pump is too high to prevent the fuel system from exploding or being damaged. The safety valve is usually spring-loaded or electronic, with high sensitivity and reliability.

2. Working principle

The working principle of the electric fuel pump is to use the rotation of the motor to suck the fuel from the fuel tank, and after being processed by the filter and pressure regulator, it is compressed and sent to the engine fuel system. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Motor rotation

When the car engine starts, the motor starts to rotate, and the fuel is sucked from the fuel tank through the screw or impeller inside the pump body.

2. Filter filtration

After the fuel is filtered by the filter, impurities and dirt are removed to ensure the cleanliness of the fuel.

3. Pressure regulation

After the fuel enters the pressure regulator, the output pressure is adjusted by a mechanical or electronic regulator to meet the requirements of the engine fuel system.

4. Safety valve protection

When the output pressure of the fuel pump is too high, the safety valve will automatically open to prevent the fuel system from exploding or being damaged.

5. Fuel supply

After the above treatment, the fuel is compressed and sent to the engine fuel system to provide power for the engine.

III. Troubleshooting

Electric fuel pump failures are usually manifested as insufficient fuel supply or failure to start. Common causes and troubleshooting methods are as follows:

1. Motor failure

Motor failures are usually manifested as electromagnet failure or rotor damage. The solution is to replace the motor or repair the internal parts of the motor.

2. Filter blockage

Filter blockage is usually caused by long-term use and unclean fuel. The solution is to replace the filter regularly or clean the filter.

3. Pressure regulator failure

Pressure regulator failure is usually caused by wear of mechanical parts or failure of electronic components. The solution is to replace the pressure regulator or repair its internal parts.

4. Safety valve failure

Safety valve failure is usually caused by loose springs or electronic component failure. The solution is to replace the safety valve or repair its internal parts.

In summary, the electric fuel pump is an important part of the fuel supply system of modern automobile engines, with the characteristics of high efficiency, stability and reliability. Understanding its composition, working principle and troubleshooting methods is of great significance for automobile repair and maintenance.