How to Use an Irrigation Pump Properly

How to Use an Irrigation Pump Properly

Proper use of an irrigation pump is crucial to ensuring its efficiency, safety, and longevity. By following the steps and key points below, you can operate it like a pro.

1. Pre-Operation Preparation and Inspection

This is the most important step and can prevent most problems.

Check the power supply and wiring:

Electric pumps: Ensure the voltage and frequency match, the cables are intact, and the grounding is reliable. It's best to use a residual current circuit breaker (RCD).

Diesel pumps: Check for sufficient fuel and oil, and for proper cooling water and battery operation.

Inspect the pump body:

Turn the coupling or fan blades manually to feel for smooth and even rotation. Do not start the pump if there is any sticking or grinding noise.

Check that all connecting screws and pipe joints are tight to prevent water or air leaks.

"Priming" is crucial (for centrifugal pumps):

Absolutely do not allow the pump to run dry! Before starting, completely fill the pump housing and inlet pipe with water through the filling hole to expel any air. This is a common mistake made by many novice operators.

Inspect the piping:

Check that the filter in the inlet pipe is intact to prevent weed blockage. If the outlet valve is a gate valve, it is best to close it before starting to reduce the starting load.

2. Startup and Operation

Proper Startup:

After completing all inspections and filling the pump with water, turn on the power or start the diesel engine.

Observe the reading on the water pump pressure gauge (if available). When the pressure reaches the normal value, slowly open the outlet valve until the desired flow rate is achieved.

Monitoring During Operation:

Listen to the sound: The operating sound should be smooth and even. If there is any unusual knocking, grinding, or vibration, stop the machine immediately for inspection.

Check the instruments: Check that the pressure gauge and ammeter are within the normal range. Low pressure may indicate poor water flow or impeller damage; excessive current may indicate overload.

Check the temperature: Touch the pump casing to feel if it is hot. Excessively high bearing temperatures may indicate oil depletion or damage. Preventing Cavitation: If the pump makes a crackling noise accompanied by severe vibration, cavitation may be occurring. This indicates excessive suction lift or poor water flow. Close the valve or inspect the inlet pipe.

III. Shutdown Operations

Orderly Shutdown: For systems with long outlet pipes, slowly close the outlet valve before shutting off the power. This prevents water hammer (damage to pipes and pumps caused by high-pressure water).

Proper Storage: If the pump is not used for an extended period, drain any accumulated water from the pump and pipes, especially in winter, to prevent freezing and cracking. Wipe the pump dry and store it in a dry, well-ventilated area.

Key Points Summary: Safety Tips

Before Starting: "Check the electrical supply, check the oil level, and run it for a while. Filling the pump with water is crucial."

During Operation: "Listen for sounds, check the temperature gauge, and shut down the pump immediately if any abnormalities are detected."

During Shutdown: "Close the valve before shutting off the power. Drain any accumulated water to ensure a safe winter operation."

Following these steps will not only ensure stable and reliable operation of your irrigation pump, but also significantly extend its lifespan and ensure personal safety.