Comparison of Sprinkler Pumps for Field Irrigation: Centrifugal Pumps vs. Submersible Pumps

Comparison of Sprinkler Pumps for Field Irrigation: Centrifugal Pumps vs. Submersible Pumps

When selecting sprinkler pumps for field irrigation, centrifugal pumps and submersible pumps are the two most common types. Their core differences lie in installation location and pumping method, resulting in vastly different applicable scenarios.

I. Centrifugal Pumps

Working Principle and Installation: Installed on the ground, it draws water from the water source through an inlet pipe. Before starting, the pump needs to be filled with priming water.

Applicable Scenarios:

Water Source Characteristics: Suitable for open water sources with shallow water levels and relatively good water quality, such as rivers, ponds, and reservoirs.

Terrain Conditions: Suitable for water sources with flat terrain and a small height difference (i.e., suction head) between the pump body and the water surface.

Main Advantages: Easy maintenance, usually lower price, wide flow range.

Main Limitations: Limited suction head (generally no more than 7-8 meters), requires priming water before starting, and requires high sealing of the inlet pipe.

II. Submersible Pumps

Working Principle and Installation: The motor and pump body are integrated, operating completely submerged in water, directly pushing water to the ground.

Applicable Scenarios:

Water Source Characteristics: Designed specifically for deep wells and machine-operated wells, it is the first choice for extracting groundwater. It is also suitable for relatively deep lakes and reservoirs.

Terrain Conditions: Virtually no restrictions on water depth, particularly suitable for situations where the water surface is deep below the ground.

Main Advantages: No suction head limitation, easy start-up (no priming required), low operating noise, and less prone to cavitation damage.

Main Limitations: Maintenance and repair require lifting it out of the water; price is relatively high; extremely high requirements for motor sealing and waterproofing.

III. Golden Rules for Selection

Consider the Water Source: Choose a submersible pump for well water and a centrifugal pump for surface water (rivers and ponds). This is the most direct and important criterion.

Consider the Water Level: If the surface water level drops significantly with the seasons or the pump station is located much higher than the water surface, causing the suction head to exceed 7 meters, a submersible pump is recommended.

From a management perspective: If ease of maintenance and cost-effectiveness are prioritized, and water source conditions are met, centrifugal pumps are a practical choice; if simple installation, stable and reliable operation are desired, and the budget allows, submersible pumps are more advantageous.

In summary: Centrifugal pumps are like "surface pumps," while submersible pumps are like "underwater propulsion." The choice depends on whether your water source is a well or a pond, combined with water depth and maintenance considerations.